Why Does Efflorescence (Water Stains, White Deposits, Yellowing) Occur After Stone Installation?

Why Does Efflorescence Occur After Stone Installation?

Efflorescence, such as water stains, white deposits, and yellowing, often appears on stone surfaces after installation. This issue primarily arises due to the following reasons:

1. Migration of Alkaline Substances: The efflorescence problem is not due to the stone itself, but rather the alkaline substances present in the underlying concrete, tile adhesive, and mortar. These substances dissolve in water and seep through the joints or surface of the stone. As the water evaporates, the alkaline substances remain, forming insoluble white deposits on the stone surface.

2. Moisture Accumulation: Efflorescence is more noticeable in areas where moisture tends to accumulate, such as around pool edges or entrances. The high humidity in these areas makes it easier for alkaline substances to migrate and deposit on the stone surface.

3. Inadequate Protective Layer: Simply applying a waterproof coating on the stone surface is not enough to prevent efflorescence. Since the alkaline substances come from the underlying materials, surface protection can only temporarily block water from entering the stone, but it doesn't address the migration of alkaline substances at the root​​.

The Role and Application of Hanshi 130

Working Principle

Hanshi 130 is a specially designed additive that prevents efflorescence on stone and tile surfaces through the following mechanisms:

1. Locks in Alkaline Substances: Hanshi 130 effectively locks in the water-soluble alkaline substances in the adhesive mortar or tile adhesive, preventing these substances from migrating to the stone surface and thereby stopping efflorescence.

2. Enhances Adhesion: Mortar or tile adhesive mixed with Hanshi 130 not only prevents efflorescence but also significantly improves the adhesion of the materials, preventing the stone from falling off or becoming hollow.

3. Environmentally Friendly and Durable: Hanshi 130 is a water-based product, environmentally friendly, free of formaldehyde, benzene, and heavy metals, ensuring safety in the construction environment. Additionally, it has excellent waterproofing properties, ensuring the long-term appearance of stone and tile surfaces​.

Application Method

To use Hanshi 130, follow these steps and precautions:

1. Prepare the Mixture: Mix Hanshi 130 with two parts water to create the Hanshi 130 solution.

2. Mix with Mortar or Adhesive: Prepare 42.5 ordinary Portland cement and fine sand (in a 1:1.5 ratio) or use ready-made tile adhesive. Add the Hanshi 130 solution to the mixture and blend thoroughly using an electric mixer until you achieve a smooth, lump-free paste.

3. Apply: Spread the mixture evenly on the back of the stone or tile, with a thickness of 5 to 8 millimeters, ensuring full coverage to the edges. Then press the stone or tile onto the wall or floor leveling layer​​.

4. Special Scenarios: For specific locations like scenic ponds, fish ponds, swimming pools, etc., it is recommended to create a waterproof mortar layer with Hanshi 130 to further enhance waterproofing and anti-efflorescence effects.

Following these steps can effectively prevent efflorescence on stone and tile surfaces after installation, ensuring they remain clean and aesthetically pleasing over time.